Crimes and Misdemeanors Essay

For as long as fifty years, executive and on-screen character Woody Allen has evoked a lot of chuckling from his masochist style comedies. Less perceived, notwithstanding, is his entrancing capacity in using the two his shocking, diverting mind alongside a few philosophical ideas. Such a blend makes a drew in and altogether engaged crowd, just as an intellectually invigorated one. In his film â€Å"Crimes and Misdemeanors,† the philosophical ideas Allen addresses manage moral and good issues. What does ‘do the privilege thing’ truly involve; why not do the inverse on the off chance that it prompts one’s individual achievement? Without a God, who’s to state whether the decisions we make are correct or wrong? Addressing these inquiries say much regarding the way one sees the world. This film examines such inquiries by interweaving two independent, equal plots: the heartbreaking story of Judah, and the comedic story drove by Cliff Stern . There are two key good places that underlie the whole film: Those with confidence in God see the world as ethically organized, excusing, and loaded with genuine importance. The individuals who don't put stock in a God consider the to be as vacant, coldblooded, and without significance. In the wake of watching this film for the third time, a predictable analogy that coordinates these positions uncovered itself. All through the film, almost every scene outwardly and verbally includes the utilization of ‘eyes’ to represent our discernments on how we see the world, and how individuals don't see themselves and occasions the manner in which others may see it. In spite of the fact that there are a few components, characters, and occasions deserving of an individual investigation, this paper will focus on how Allen’s film speaks to eyes to divulge shrouded certainties. To outline the utilization of ‘eyes’ in this film I will research its job in the lives of Judah, Cliff, and Rabbi Ben. Remember that every one of the four of these characters each wear over-stressed glasses. Inside the initial couple of moments of the film, Judah uncovers he makes his living as an ophthalmologist. Judah’s occupation unquestionably comes as no incident, for it comes from his strict past. During a discourse at a foundation supper, Judah identifies with the crowd this past: â€Å"I’m a man of science. I’ve consistently been a doubter, yet I was raised strictly, and keeping in mind that I tested it even as a kid, a portion of that feeling probably stayed with me. † He keeps on saying that his dad once let him know, â€Å"the eyes of God are on us generally. Despite the fact that he denies his strict foundation, it’s obvious that this ‘feeling that stayed with him’ showed itself in his occupation; so as to fill a void which religion would fill. With the evacuation of â€Å"God’s eyes,† Judah made the, maybe oblivious, choice t o take up an occupation that manages seeing†¦ along these lines accepting the job of God. He logically asks the crowd, â€Å"What were God’s eyes like? Unbelievably entering, serious eyes I accepted. † Judah’s relationship with his dad left him with a feeling of wonder and dread of these â€Å"intense eyes† that could see past his misleading demonstrations. In this way, his anxiety with vision emerges from his impulse to conceal the imperfections of his character. It’s clear that Judah considers himself to be an ethical man: riches, achievement, and a significant job in the network are strengthened by pictures of him wearing a tuxedo as he’s joined by his family. This â€Å"family man† depiction portrays Judah’s outside appearance. Wouldn’t a man favored with this measure of progress continued doing â€Å"the right thing† from the beginning? Judah’s profound quality is placed into question once his fancy woman sends a letter to his significant other, uncovering Judah’s shrewd activities (Judah devastates the letter preceding his better half observes it). Judah saw no difficulties in playing around, for his endeavors made him cheerful and he was never gotten (there is no God to see his indecent decisions). The letter breaks Judah’s fantasies of this dreamland he’s been living. Judah says â€Å"it’s as though I’ve stir from a dream,† to strengthen how he should now confront reality. Curiously enough, now Judah currently wears a couple of glasses, when compelled to see his qualities and activities from an alternate point of view. So in Judah’s case, these glasses speak to his powerlessness to see the genuine idea of the world, which has now legitimately stood up to him. Judah’s sibling, Jack (who sets up for the courtesan to be executed), blames him for not â€Å"living in the genuine world,† because of his condition of riches and benefit. Judah’s achievement forms this visual impairment he has of the â€Å"real world. † Jack, characterized as logical and flippant, lives in this clear â€Å"real world† for he speaks to trustworthiness and an absence of hallucinations despite the fact that he epitomizes unjustness. Basically Judah and Jack cling to a similar good, or corrupt, compass. Anyway Jack recognizes his absence of profound quality, while Judah’s achievement drives him to erroneously accept he typifies ‘rightness. Jack speaks to the dull and indecent side of Judah’s cognizance. With his special lady incapable to tune in to â€Å"logic† and â€Å"reason† Judah states, â€Å"I figure out how to keep liberated from that genuine world, yet out of nowhere it’s discovered m e. † Darkness overwhelming Judah’s cognizant, brings about the demise of his fancy woman. Post-murder, blame maladies Judah, driving him to consider admitting. The camera reliably centers around his eyes, indicating the crowd Judah’s stun and alarm towards his own conduct. Harassed with mental trips of his strict past, he more than once hears the words from his dad: â€Å"God sees all. Inactive, oblivious convictions in God stir in Judah’s mind. Regarding the homicide he says, â€Å"God show leniency toward us, Jack† and â€Å"Without God, the world is a cesspool. † Judah’s blame begins from his dread of getting captured just as this â€Å"moral code† which has now been disregarded. Dread of â€Å"God’s eyes† or maybe even Judahs father’s law rule his brain as though they keep a close eye on him, uncovering his activities. The film shows Judah reliably looking left and right inferring that â€Å"somethingà ¢â‚¬  watches him. A last obtrusively philosophical exchange happens as Judah visits his youth house and imagines a past discussion his relatives had over profound quality. As indicated by his father’s strict view, he will be rebuffed regardless of whether he isn't gotten since â€Å"that which starts from a dark deed will bloom in a foul way. † This wrongdoing that Judah submitted will somehow be rebuffed. As a restriction, his Aunt Mae gives the model which the film follows: â€Å"I state on the off chance that he can do it and pull off it, and he decides not to be pestered by the morals, at that point he’s home free. Auntie Mae likewise urges Judah’s father to â€Å"open his eyes,† unveiling the way that 6,000,000 Jews were killed and Hitler pulled off it. We as a whole need to accept that we live in an ideal, moral existence where equity is served, anyway this doesn't display how the world truly is. Actually, Judah demonstrates his Aunt works as a kind of Oracle. After a time of dread and crabbiness, Judah continues to carry on with his cheerful life. Blame passes, and the transient confidence in God develops calm again. One morning Judah opens his eyes and sees his cognizant is irreproachable and the â€Å"crisis is lifted. Judah comes to ‘see’ that God isn't viewing, and in a world without divine nearness, all demonstrations are permissible†¦ including murder. In Judah’s world, the â€Å"eyes of God† are ascribed to himself. That decides his interior appearance. The subsequent story line manages a so called, energetic yet fruitless romantic movie producer named Cliff (played by Woody Allen). In the opening of this account strand, Cliff conveys his convictions on his reality view to his niece in the wake of viewing a film: â€Å"Don’t tune in to what your educators let you know, simply observe what they resemble, that’s how you’ll recognize what life’s extremely about. Precipice affirms that watching and addressing another’s intentions evokes their qualities and genuine nature. Simply tuning in and tolerating the shallow, outer appearance prompts a bogus impression and obliviousness. To break this outer appearance, Cliff utilizes film as an apparatus for uncovering these lesser known ‘realities. ‘ truth be told, ‘eyes’ are represented again through filmmaking as a technique for showing new points of view. Identifying with Judah’s world, by the film’s eye the crowd keeps up the capacity to see past his stratagem which different characters are incognizant in regards to. Moreover, in a film that manages God and seeing, the crowd obtains those â€Å"God-like eyes† that see all; that Judah dreaded. In Cliff’s case, he utilizes film to abuse his foil, Lester. Bluff coordinates a narrative about TV maker Lester (portrayed as rich, well known, and fruitful), for a program entitled â€Å"Creative Minds. † Contrary to other people, Cliff sees Lester as shallow, self important, and sub-mental. Lester bolsters his egomania by alluding to his â€Å"closet brimming with Emmys† as a thing that represents material achievement. Bluff just guides the film to increase money related help for his narrative about a scholar named Professor Levy. Bluff portrays his philosophical film as progressively generous: â€Å"See no limos, no airheads, no honors. This person is only a mastermind, a keenness. † The strain between Lester comes as a great ‘flash versus substance’ banter. Precipice likes to make films that intellectually animate, rather

Human Experimentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Human Experimentation - Essay Example It incorporates the authentic foundation, eventual outcomes, and the present status of human clinical experimentation. The examination involves the advantages and disadvantages of this training alongside striking thoughts on surviving or destroying this sort of torment. Human Medical Experimentation An agonizing behavior that altogether resisted human rights and addressed medicinal services standards It is commonly expressed that individuals of the world have certain rights which can't be detracted from them, independent of circumstance and conditions. The idea of these rights might be political or common freedom; be that as it may, the most significant right which an individual is qualified for is the privilege to physical wellbeing and, most fundamentally, to life. Human rights essentially venture the requirement for human resistance, acknowledgment, decency and shared regard. The human rights thought oozes ethical quality and equity. In spite of the fact that significance of human rights is underscored by numerous associations and governments around the globe, infringement of human rights is a typical encounter the world over. The interest of people in clinical experimentation is one such subject, which stays questionable because of human rights mishandles. Many created nations of the world, including the United States, guarantee to be world pioneers in clinical research. Nonetheless, the Western clinical improvement has a shrouded clouded side which isn't recognized by many. This dark side focuses to the way that so as to create medication and accomplish logical advancement, terrible clinical trials were directed on desperate individuals and their youngsters (Moses, 2007). Generally, these clinical tests were led to pick up benefit by effectively creating drugs for different maladies and, for the most part, these examinations were directed without the information on the individuals associated with the experimentation. Many accept that regardless of todayâ⠂¬â„¢s supposed free and socialized social orders winning in the West, human experimentation has been taken up on a mass level. As per specialists, practically 50% of the number of inhabitants in the United States is utilizing a medication normally, and about 20% of kids are utilizing antidepressants or amphetamines (Moses, 2007). This paper means to investigate the subject of human clinical experimentation so as to delineate its history, the clouded side which it anticipates, the advantages that it has given to human culture and current status and assessments of different specialists regarding the matter. Different clinical fields, for example, science, brain research, humanities and clinical medication utilize human subject for look into purposes. Human clinical experimentation uncovered living individuals to tests, which are for the most part pitiless, excruciating, fatal and hazardous. Albeit Western nations are liable for surprising clinical achievements, for example, the solut ion for jungle fever and other savage sicknesses, this achievement, be that as it may, is trailed by a colossal cost paid by the members of the trials. A few members are made up for their misfortunes in physical and psychological wellness, yet most members have not been repaid by any means. Numerous members have lost their lives during the procedure of experimentation, and obviously, no remuneration can bring back the most valuable thing lost: their lives. The historical backdrop of human clinical experimentation in U.S. goes back to 1845, when J. Marion Sims, otherwise called the dad of

Neophobia as the Fear of New Things

Neophobia as the Fear of New Things Phobias Types Print Neophobia or the Fear of New Things By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Updated on October 20, 2019 Peopleimages/Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Neophobia, or the fear of new things, is a relatively complicated phobia. In one sense, humans are creatures of habit. We may spend decades in the same house, working for the same employer, driving the same car and even eating the same thing every Friday night. On the other hand, humans are also adventurers. We long to know what is just around the next bend. We eagerly await raises, promotions, and vacations. We constantly strive for knowledge and achievement. Neophobia challenges the human condition. In its mildest forms, it may not even be recognizable as a fear. Some people are bigger risk-takers than others, and there is no crime in preferring a comfortable routine. More serious neophobia is a true phobia that can become life-limiting. Neophobia in Children and the Elderly Small children often demonstrate signs of neophobia. The entire world is new to them, and resistance to change may just be an innate need to feel like something is constant in their ever-widening worlds. Likewise, many elderly people develop mild neophobia. As the effects of aging catch up to us, we may begin to feel like our days of adventure are over, preferring to remain in comfortable, familiar surroundings. Again, just feeling comfortable in your own surroundings or in a daily routine and being somewhat reluctant to change, doesnt mean you suffer from neophobia. Moderate to Severe Neophobia Regardless of age, moderate to severe neophobia can have a serious impact on your daily life. It is easy to become stuck in a rut, avoiding risks that could lead to greater personal fulfillment or societal impacts. Some people make the conscious decision not to shine at work or school, some refuse to try new vacation destinations and others avoid opportunities to make new friends. Neophobia may be related to the twin fears of success and failure. To truly succeed or fail, it is necessary to take a risk. Both outcomes are potentially life-changing, forcing you to adapt to new circumstances. If you suffer from neophobia, you may feel that the potential benefits of success do not outweigh the potential upheaval to your life. Food Neophobia Food neophobia is especially common in small children. So-called picky eaters, who are unwilling to eat more than a handful of familiar items, may actually suffer from food neophobia. Most kids outgrow food neophobia as they mature, but those who do not outgrow it by young adulthood may struggle with the fear throughout their lives. Cenophobia Cenophobia, or the fear of new ideas, is a subset of neophobia. The fear halts progress and can ultimately lead to disaster. While it is smart not to accept every snake oil salesman at face value, new ideas and ways of thinking about a situation are critical to success.

Positive Body Image Group Essay - 1234 Words

Body image disturbance, or BID, can have negative effects on individuals and can be found among many different ages of women. In fact, BID can even be found in girls as young as age seven. Many negative effects have been attributed to BID, such as increased anxiety, stress, and depression, which can cause issues both psychologically and physically (Devaraj Lewis, 2010). Therefore, there is a need to help women combat these negative effects of body image disturbance and help maintain a more positive body image. Body image disturbance can be defined as a maladaptive internalization of an individuals weight, shape, and/or appearance, usually involving any combination of attitudinal, behavioral, and perceptual components (Bhatnagar,†¦show more content†¦It is important when developing a treatment module for BID that clinicians turn to prior research to guide them in the development of their therapy program. Literature Review It is evident throughout the literature that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in a group setting for BID appears to be the most effective and empirically supported treatment (Farrell, Shafran Lee, 2006). CBT encompasses various techniques, including cognitive restructuring, behavioral experiments, and size perception training. An exemplar study that employed some of these different components of CBT would be Bhatnagar, Wisniewski, Solomon, and Heinberg’s (2013) study. The authors developed a CBT group intervention for body image disturbance in women who had diagnosed eating disorders. The intervention targeted both attitudinal and behavioral components. The group consisted of eight sessions and used a variety of techniques, including: (a) psychoeducation, (b) breathing and progressive muscle relaxation, (c) imagined and in vivo exposures to desensitize to appearance and body image triggers, as well as (d) relapse prevention techniques. Each session also included homework to be completed prior to the next session. Bhatnagar et al. (2013) found that upon completion of the group program, participants were more satisfied with overall appearance and with individual body parts. The authors also found that there was lessShow MoreRelatedMedia Effects On Body Image Essay1648 Words   |  7 Pagesage groups and mostly women have been studied regarding media effects on body image. These studies did not test the external stimuli created by peer groups that have an impact on a person’s self-idealization. This study addressed individual age groups divided by gender in order to determine how much media effects body idealization and if gender peer group opinions impact self-idealization when viewing media models. 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Excluding a 2011 studyRead MoreMedia s Influence On The Media1169 Words   |  5 Pagesa negative effect on some? And if so what age, demographic or social group could be considered to be more vulnerable to these effects? Melissa A. Milkie (1999) writes that, â€Å"researchers have suggested that one reason why people are so critical of the media is that the media distorts reality and reflect groups in distorted ways (p. 198). This is very much true, especially in magazines, when people try to photo chop girl’s bodies. For example, in a magazine you can see that a girl is photo chopped

Drug Abuse as a Social Problem A Look at the Conflict and...

Drugs have been around for thousands of years. A drug is any chemical that produces a therapeutic or non-therapeutic effect in the body (Drugs and Teen Substance Abuse 2000.) Most drugs were first used for medicinal purposes, such as marijuana. Active substances were not extracted into drugs until the 19th century. Newly discovered substances like morphine, laudanum, and cocaine were completely unregulated and prescribed freely by physicians for a wide variety of ailments. Wounded veterans returned home with their kits of morphine and hypodermic needles (History of Drug Abuse, n.d.) The use of illegal drugs is increasing, especially among young teens. The conflict theory of social problems states that, society is marked by conflict due†¦show more content†¦The disappearance of decent paying manual work since the early 1970s leaves unskilled, uneducated individuals vulnerable to poverty. This is when selling drugs, an alternative to enduring grinding poverty, has been a commo n enough response as the income gap had widened. This has increased the violence and crime rate of society. The Functionalist Perspective in sociology states that everyone in the society holds a position and in this position their status has a set of roles or certain behaviors that are required to perform the tasks at hand (Kornblum and Julian, 2004.) The roles consist of nurses at the medical institutions, lawyers at international firms or just a blue collar worker at any type of factory. For the most part, each status role is involved in an institution of some kind and is needed for the economy and society to function as a whole. The Functionalist Perspective looks at the way major social instructions like the family, military, the health-care system, and the police and courts actually operate (Kornblum and Julian, 2004, 6.) 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Sociology includes three major theoretical perspectives: the structural-functionalist perspective, the conflict perspective, and theRead MoreCj415 Final Exam1716 Words   |  7 Pagesto be legitimate income that can the used for legal purposes such as investment and purchase, is an example of: bank fraud drug trafficking money laundering corruption 2 points Question 5 The movement of mood altering substances from their points of origin to their points of consumption is an example of: drug trafficking drug laundering drug distribution corruption 2 points Question 6 Although not in itself a crime, buying a legal business may be deemed ________Read MoreHealth Problems That Are Labeled As Social Problem1286 Words   |  6 PagesHealth problems that are labeled as social problems, affects the physical, mental health, and impact communities and society as a whole. 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The Learning Of English At Preschool Education Essay Free Essays

â€Å" Preschool is an exciting clip to watch a kid explore and larn about their universe. Learning English in preschool enables yearlings to hold the tools to pass on with the universe around them. At this age, childs can inquire for specific points, ask inquiries, talk about their universe and communicate on a much higher degree than they did before come ining preschool. We will write a custom essay sample on The Learning Of English At Preschool Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å" [ online 1 ] â€Å" Preschoolers enjoy the thought of playing. A universe that is filled with different drama activities will ensue in better acquisition. That is why it is good to utilize games that are fun and exciting to assist childs easier learn. A great trade of linguistic communication will be retained and kids will hold no thought they ‘re being taught specific letters, words and constructs. Teachers can give kids to paint a letters, pigment words, colour images of letters, pattern composing letters, act out scenes from narrative books, bring in points that begin with a specific missive or consonant sound to make learning chances. â€Å" [ Online 2 ] â€Å" Child development refers to the biological and psychological alterations that occur in human existences between birth and the terminal of adolescence, as the single advancements from dependence to increasing liberty. Because these developmental alterations may be strongly influenced by familial factors and events during antenatal life, genetic sciences and antenatal development are normally included as portion of the survey of kid development. Related footings include developmental psychological science, mentioning to development throughout the lifetime, and paediatricss, the subdivision of medical specialty associating to the attention of kids. By three old ages the kid is get downing to utilize complex sentences, including comparative clauses, although still honing assorted lingual systems. By five old ages of age the kid ‘s usage of linguistic communication is really similar to that of an grownup. From the age of about three kids can bespeak phantasy or pretend linguistically, produce consistent personal narratives and fictional narration with beginnings and terminations. It is argued that kids devise narrative as a manner of understanding their ain experience and as a medium for pass oning their significance to others. The ability to prosecute in drawn-out discourse emerges over clip from regular conversation with grownups and equals. For this the kid needs to larn to unite his position with that of others and with outside events and learn to utilize lingual indexs to demo he is making this. They besides learn to set their linguistic communication depending on to whom they are talking. â€Å" [ Online 4 ] â€Å" Several tips to assist parents of immature kids promote literacy at place: read to child, as in before a sleep, bedtime, or after dinner, Hold the book so that she or he can see the images. Take clip to look at and speak about the images. Do n’t merely read the narrative: talk about it. Let child indicate out letters, forms, colourss, and animate beings. Understand that reading begins at place. Children read their environments, so do place a print rich environment. Read! Do n’t anticipate reading to be of import to kids if they see that it ‘s non of import to their parents. Invite kid to read laud.A If he or she is a pre reader, he ‘ll frequently construe his ain narrative utilizing illustrations and his imaginativeness. Read aloud to child every twenty-four hours. Preschool larning online can assist parents to learn childs at place with many preschool activities, games, prek printables, child preschool activities and professional lesson programs during showery yearss or preschool clip. There are free preschool activities and printables for childs, childs preschool larning, childhood development, early acquisition thoughts and learning activities for childs that are easy for parents or instructors to learn childs at place. These preschool course of studies can be used in daycare/preschool schoolrooms every bit good. Preschool online activities are focused on easier acquisition. Daycare tiffin bill of fare, healthy bites and dainties for childs, a assortment of preschool subjects, preschool course of study, child instruction thoughts, lesson programs for instructors, lesson programs for yearlings and assorted preschool activities for learning childs and yearlings at place are free for everyone ‘s usage. aˆz [ online 6 ] How to cite The Learning Of English At Preschool Education Essay, Essay examples

The Learning Of English At Preschool Education Essay Free Essays

â€Å" Preschool is an exciting clip to watch a kid explore and larn about their universe. Learning English in preschool enables yearlings to hold the tools to pass on with the universe around them. At this age, childs can inquire for specific points, ask inquiries, talk about their universe and communicate on a much higher degree than they did before come ining preschool. We will write a custom essay sample on The Learning Of English At Preschool Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å" [ online 1 ] â€Å" Preschoolers enjoy the thought of playing. A universe that is filled with different drama activities will ensue in better acquisition. That is why it is good to utilize games that are fun and exciting to assist childs easier learn. A great trade of linguistic communication will be retained and kids will hold no thought they ‘re being taught specific letters, words and constructs. Teachers can give kids to paint a letters, pigment words, colour images of letters, pattern composing letters, act out scenes from narrative books, bring in points that begin with a specific missive or consonant sound to make learning chances. â€Å" [ Online 2 ] â€Å" Child development refers to the biological and psychological alterations that occur in human existences between birth and the terminal of adolescence, as the single advancements from dependence to increasing liberty. Because these developmental alterations may be strongly influenced by familial factors and events during antenatal life, genetic sciences and antenatal development are normally included as portion of the survey of kid development. Related footings include developmental psychological science, mentioning to development throughout the lifetime, and paediatricss, the subdivision of medical specialty associating to the attention of kids. By three old ages the kid is get downing to utilize complex sentences, including comparative clauses, although still honing assorted lingual systems. By five old ages of age the kid ‘s usage of linguistic communication is really similar to that of an grownup. From the age of about three kids can bespeak phantasy or pretend linguistically, produce consistent personal narratives and fictional narration with beginnings and terminations. It is argued that kids devise narrative as a manner of understanding their ain experience and as a medium for pass oning their significance to others. The ability to prosecute in drawn-out discourse emerges over clip from regular conversation with grownups and equals. For this the kid needs to larn to unite his position with that of others and with outside events and learn to utilize lingual indexs to demo he is making this. They besides learn to set their linguistic communication depending on to whom they are talking. â€Å" [ Online 4 ] â€Å" Several tips to assist parents of immature kids promote literacy at place: read to child, as in before a sleep, bedtime, or after dinner, Hold the book so that she or he can see the images. Take clip to look at and speak about the images. Do n’t merely read the narrative: talk about it. Let child indicate out letters, forms, colourss, and animate beings. Understand that reading begins at place. Children read their environments, so do place a print rich environment. Read! Do n’t anticipate reading to be of import to kids if they see that it ‘s non of import to their parents. Invite kid to read laud.A If he or she is a pre reader, he ‘ll frequently construe his ain narrative utilizing illustrations and his imaginativeness. Read aloud to child every twenty-four hours. Preschool larning online can assist parents to learn childs at place with many preschool activities, games, prek printables, child preschool activities and professional lesson programs during showery yearss or preschool clip. There are free preschool activities and printables for childs, childs preschool larning, childhood development, early acquisition thoughts and learning activities for childs that are easy for parents or instructors to learn childs at place. These preschool course of studies can be used in daycare/preschool schoolrooms every bit good. Preschool online activities are focused on easier acquisition. Daycare tiffin bill of fare, healthy bites and dainties for childs, a assortment of preschool subjects, preschool course of study, child instruction thoughts, lesson programs for instructors, lesson programs for yearlings and assorted preschool activities for learning childs and yearlings at place are free for everyone ‘s usage. aˆz [ online 6 ] How to cite The Learning Of English At Preschool Education Essay, Essay examples

The Rogerian Style of Argument Essay Example For Students

The Rogerian Style of Argument Essay One of the elements of the Rogerian argument is cooperation. There will always be disagreements among people, especially within the United States Government and between politicians, this is more apparent now than ever. If people could all agree to disagree and find a middle ground in which they all get some of what they want and some of what they don’t want, life would be much easier. Unfortunately there are people that are so stubborn they truly believe that their way, or their ideas are the only answer and will not budge an inch when offered a compromise from his or her opponents. An example of this is when the Republicans and Democrats could not agree to a compromise on the budget and the United States government shut down last year. If they would have had a willingness to cooperate with each other and give accredited validation to both sides of the issue, the shutdown could have been avoided. As a nation we need to take a page from the Rogerian style of argument and be less judgmental of, and be willing to except another’s point of view as valid, even if one we do not agree with it. The fore fathers of the Unites States wrote the Bill of Rights with our country’s future in mind. The first amendment in the Unites States’ Bill of Rights is our freedom of religion, speech, press, and to peaceably assemble. By including freedom of speech and religion in the Bill of Rights one can assume that our fore fathers felt that all opinions were valid because they gave us the freedom to express and practice them openly. Therefore our current government officials should follow the path that our fore fathers has laid for us and listen to one another with empathy, without judgment and communicate effectively in order to run our country successfully. The day when our government officials realize that compromise is an effective tool we will all win. With a Rogerian argument there is no clear winner or loser because one is looking for a common ground for a starting point, and work out a compromise from there. People need to realize that no one gets everything they want and life is truly not fair, people will see that compromise is the only way they will all benefit. However, we can all be winners by accepting that we can have some of what we want, and have some of what we don’t.

F. Scott Fitzgeralds Novel The Great Gatsby Is About A Man Named Gats

F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby is about a man named Gatsby, in love with a woman, Daisy, who is married to Tom Buchannan. He dreams that one day he and Daisy will get together. Gatsby has worked hard to become the man that he believes will impress Daisy. Even though he has an extravagant house, lots of money, and wild parties, he is without the one person he wants, Daisy. Even befriending Nick deals with Gatsby getting Daisy, because Daisy is Nick's cousin. In a meeting arranged by Nick and Gatsby, Daisy is invited over for tea and she sees Gatsby. It seems as if time is suspended for a moment, as they look at each other both thinking something. Then Gatsby tips over Nick's clock, symbolizing that he is running out of time to try to capture what he and Daisy once lost. Through the lonely and careless characters of: Jordan Baker Jay Gatsby, Myrtle, and G. Wilson, Fitzgerald is able to illustrate the lack of spirituality in this novel. The main place in The Great Gatsby that shows the lack of spirituality is the Valley of Ashes, where Myrtle and her husband, George Wilson live. It is a bleak, desolate valley including only one building, a car garage. One day while driving around Tom and Nick stop off at the valley to see Myrtle, Tom's mistress. Nick describes this valley as being: "about half way between West Egg and New York... a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens" (27). The concern here is with the corruption of values and the decline of spiritual life. The traditional views of God and Religion are dead here and the readers can tell this because the only God-like image in this novel is a billboard with the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg advertising glasses. The eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg represents the fact that God and religion have taken a less substantial role in comparison with the gods that have the powers of wealth, status, and greed. Dr. Eckleburg represents God, but by the way Nick describes the billboard tells the readers that even though God may watch over His people, he is being ignored in this novel, which is symbolized by the decaying billboard: "his eyes, dimmed a little by many paint less days under the sun and rain" (28). George Wilson is the owner of the car garage in the Valley of Ashes. When Nick first meets Wilson he describes him as a "blonde, spiritless, man" the description fits him well because Wilson works on machines, especially cars (29). Machines are the lifeless, inanimate objects from which Wilson makes his living. Machines have no spirit; according to Nick Wilson has no spirit either. Carelessness shows lack of spirituality because if a person is careless then he or she is reckless and usually has no concern for rules or consequences. The disregard for other people is shown in this novel mostly through driving. Nick tells Jordan one day while he is riding with her that she is: "a rotten driver...either you ought to be more careful or you oughtn't to drive at all" (63). Jordan protests that she is a careful driver but messes up her statement by saying: "they'll keep out of my way" (63). That shows that she has a lack of concern for other drivers and only concern for herself if she believes that other people will keep out of her way. Say she meets someone else that has that same motto. Jordan was right when she pointed out to Nick that: "it takes two to make an accident" (63). By his own choice Gatsby tries to remain secluded and Nick observes that he does this even at his own parties: "my eyes fell on Gatsby, standing alone on marble steps and looking from one group to another with approving eyes... I wondered if the fact that he was not drinking helped to set him off from his guests" (54). He is rarely seen among his guests, most of the time he is just watching them. Gatsby is a lonely man, although there was a small bit of romantic speculation between F. Scott Fitzgeralds Novel The Great Gatsby Is About A Man Named Gats F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby is about a man named Gatsby, in love with a woman, Daisy, who is married to Tom Buchannan. He dreams that one day he and Daisy will get together. Gatsby has worked hard to become the man that he believes will impress Daisy. Even though he has an extravagant house, lots of money, and wild parties, he is without the one person he wants, Daisy. Even befriending Nick deals with Gatsby getting Daisy, because Daisy is Nick's cousin. In a meeting arranged by Nick and Gatsby, Daisy is invited over for tea and she sees Gatsby. It seems as if time is suspended for a moment, as they look at each other both thinking something. Then Gatsby tips over Nick's clock, symbolizing that he is running out of time to try to capture what he and Daisy once lost. Through the lonely and careless characters of: Jordan Baker Jay Gatsby, Myrtle, and G. Wilson, Fitzgerald is able to illustrate the lack of spirituality in this novel. The main place in The Great Gatsby that shows the lack of spirituality is the Valley of Ashes, where Myrtle and her husband, George Wilson live. It is a bleak, desolate valley including only one building, a car garage. One day while driving around Tom and Nick stop off at the valley to see Myrtle, Tom's mistress. Nick describes this valley as being: "about half way between West Egg and New York... a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens" (27). The concern here is with the corruption of values and the decline of spiritual life. The traditional views of God and Religion are dead here and the readers can tell this because the only God-like image in this novel is a billboard with the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg advertising glasses. The eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg represents the fact that God and religion have taken a less substantial role in comparison with the gods that have the powers of wealth, status, and greed. Dr. Eckleburg represents God, but by the way Nick describes the billboard tells the readers that even though God may watch over His people, he is being ignored in this novel, which is symbolized by the decaying billboard: "his eyes, dimmed a little by many paint less days under the sun and rain" (28). George Wilson is the owner of the car garage in the Valley of Ashes. When Nick first meets Wilson he describes him as a "blonde, spiritless, man" the description fits him well because Wilson works on machines, especially cars (29). Machines are the lifeless, inanimate objects from which Wilson makes his living. Machines have no spirit; according to Nick Wilson has no spirit either. Carelessness shows lack of spirituality because if a person is careless then he or she is reckless and usually has no concern for rules or consequences. The disregard for other people is shown in this novel mostly through driving. Nick tells Jordan one day while he is riding with her that she is: "a rotten driver...either you ought to be more careful or you oughtn't to drive at all" (63). Jordan protests that she is a careful driver but messes up her statement by saying: "they'll keep out of my way" (63). That shows that she has a lack of concern for other drivers and only concern for herself if she believes that other people will keep out of her way. Say she meets someone else that has that same motto. Jordan was right when she pointed out to Nick that: "it takes two to make an accident" (63). By his own choice Gatsby tries to remain secluded and Nick observes that he does this even at his own parties: "my eyes fell on Gatsby, standing alone on marble steps and looking from one group to another with approving eyes... I wondered if the fact that he was not drinking helped to set him off from his guests" (54). He is rarely seen among his guests, most of the time he is just watching them. Gatsby is a lonely man, although there was a small bit of romantic speculation between

Women AFL Essays - Equal Pay For Equal Work, Academic Disciplines

Women AFL Essays - Equal Pay For Equal Work, Academic Disciplines The AFL was founded in 1896, more than a century ago. The sport has gained millions of fans across the country; of all ages and genders. For more than a century, the league had only consisted of male players, but just recently (2017), the AFL had finally approved eight female teams to play their own season. Many AFL fans were delighted as women finally had the chance to be professional players in one of the most popular sports of Australia. But it was rather disappointing to most of these fans when they learned that these female teams would earn significantly less than male teams. Erin Riley, the writer of the opinion piece: There is no defence for failing to pay players in the AFL women's league a living', published by The Sydney Morning Herald on the 31st August 2016, brings up the several defences' that have been made about not giving the women's league equal pay and rebuts these excuses with their own arguments. Some of the points Riley raises about this issue include the history of women being excluded from the market, the fact that their current pay is not enough for a living, and how equal work should attain equal pay. The author uses techniques such as rhetorical questions, appeals to justice, statistics and imagery with an overall indignant tone. In contrast, a comment written by Adam contradicts Riley's arguments by declaring that the author's reasoning wouldn't have an impact as it had already been brought up before by many other sports. Adam mentions that even men have to work other jobs to earn their living as well and simply complaining about the pay gap won't change things unless proper action is taken. Adam uses a matter-of-fact tone to rebut Riley's arguments and utilises emotive language, repetition and logic to prove their point. Over the past century, men's sport has had to opportunity to grow to what it is today, with funding from the government. Riley mentions that women did not have the ability to receive fundings for sport because they were "actively excluded" from participating in them. Riley uses the statistic of "over more than 100 years," to remind readers of the handicap that men received; that women didn't. The writer also uses a rhetorical question: "Why shouldn't the women's league get the same opportunity?" followed by the concept of a "level playing field" to further point out the unfairness demonstrated towards women over time. This also appeals to the readers' sense of justice, that women should start being treated fairly now instead of following the decisions made in the past. Riley links their argument back to the issue by stating that, "The market for the women's competition fundamentally cannot develop the way the men's competition has." This connects to the point that professional female players need this extra pay to compensate for the fact they didn't have enough time to build up their reputation. Conversely, Adam states, "simply complaining that the men have it better is not going to get it done." Though this rebuts Riley's argument as a whole, it can also say that complaining about the past won't fix anything for the present. They add that this [complaining] "approach has proven to be massively unsuccessful for every professional women's league in the world." It is intended here to remind the opposition that their argument had already been gone through before, and it did not change anything. But following this, the writer mentions the successful campaigning of the WTA (Women's Tennis Association) "over a long period of time". This makes the opposition hopeful, but also reminds them that it takes time and effort if the AFL women's league wants to attain equal pay. This collocation of successful' and unsuccessful' gives the perception that the writer isn't comple tely against women receiving equal pay, therefore leading to have the readers agree with the writer because of its logic and relatively positive connotations. The entire issue of paying women the same amount of pay is not only because of equity, but mainly to allow them to pursue their passion full-time and earn a living at that as well. Riley argues that although it's a women's sport and the work load

Physics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Physics - Essay Example 3. The balloon would initially be at rest with zero momentum. On release, the gases initially inflated move in one direction and the balloon would move in the opposite direction to acquire equal momentum quantities such that the sum of the vector momenta become zero in line with Newton’s third law of motion that the forces are opposite and equal. 4. Had the rich man been not so miserly, he would have thrown the bag of gold coins so that while the bag glides in one direction, he would be propelled in the opposite direction in line with Newton’s third principle of motion which suggests that he would be propelled at an equal but opposite force to the one used to throw the bag. The ice being frictionless would cause the man not to stop until he reaches the shore. 5. In space, it would be expected that a rocket would have zero momentum as there is no force. To propel and change direction, the rocket thrusters push fuel in one direction and fuel pushes back in the opposite di rection in line with Newton’s third principle of motion. The rocket throws millions of particles from its tail causing it to move in the opposite direction referred to as spacecraft propulsion. Phy 2-1 1. When the jar with orange juice is shaken vigorously, the work done would heat the juice thus increasing the molecules’ kinetic energy. ... 3. a) No. For liquids and solids, the internal energies are complex and would involve potential energies affected by the bonds existing between molecules and atoms. Hence, objects could have same temperature but different internal energies. Similarly, internal energy varies with object mass. When two objects of different temperatures are in contact with each other, there would be transfer of net energy to the colder object from the hotter one no matter their internal energies. b) Yes. For there to be energy transfer, there has to be difference in temperature between two objects, which need not essentially be related to internal energies difference. For a substance to change phase from solid to liquid to gas, energy should be supplied to break the intermolecular interactions. In water, these interactions make it solid as ice. Ice would be hard because the interactions are strongest with the interaction weakening on transformation to steam or gas. When undergoing phase change, energy w ould be consumed to break these interactions as opposed to causing an increase in temperature. As such, the temperature remains constant until that point where all the interactions would be broken. For example, when heat is applied on a block of ice, the temperature of the ice block would rise until it is 00C. The temperature remains constant as the block of ice melts to water as the absorbed heat would be used to break intermolecular bonds as opposed to increasing temperature. The temperature would then rise when all the ice melts to water. Yes. It is possible to convert mechanical energy completely to heat or internal energy. No. The reverse is impossible. According to the second law of thermodynamics, there is no machine that converts heat to mechanical energy hence no 100%

How does fire frequency influence tree species diversity in the boreal Research Proposal

How does fire frequency influence tree species diversity in the boreal forest - Research Proposal Example Its unique characteristics are quickly changing as a result of human and natural pressure and this area is expected to be one of the most rapidly impacted regions of the world by the climate change that is ongoing which might lead to degradation of the Boreal eco systems in the end (Shvidenko & Apps, 2006). Canada is the largest producer and exporter of forest products with most of these products coming from the boreal forest that is there and therefore it may not come as a surprise that Canada has an advanced forest industry and also a forest management that is equally advanced. This has not stopped the forest in Canada from being significantly affected by changes that are occurring in the natural disturbances that include wild fire and insect outbreaks that have been taking place in the last few decades (Shvidenko & Apps, 2006). It is expected that the Boreal forest in particular will be vulnerable to disease, fire and competition from other tree species as the climate changes continue to be experienced and the weather gets warmer but the natural replacement in forest will take some time (Louiseize, 2005). Fire spread is not only a function of weather, but it also depends on topography, fuel load, types and spatial arrangement as well as active suppression and this therefore means that the fire spread simulations for everyday fire management require a large amount of information that is site specific (Pueyo, 2007). Being able to predict future fire activity that is related to climate change is a leap towards appreciating the future state of the Boreal ecosystem since the natural disturbances are usually controlled by the interplay between biotic and abiotic factors. Forest fire is the dominant natural disturbance that exists in Canada’s western Boreal forest where the fire regime of a particular area reflects the integration of

The History About The Tourism Industry Tourism Essay

The History About The Tourism Industry Tourism Essay Comprehensive project report is part of the MBA sem 3 and 4 curriculum. Under which 2 students in one group are supposed to study one industry and so we have selected TOURISM INDUSTRY for our study. Tourism Industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world with an average GDP of 11.6%. Changing lifestyle of the people because of a sudden increase in their income levels accredited to the opening up of the economy and Multinational Corporation has led to the steep growth of tourism industry in India. Tourists attention is shifting from established destinations such as European countries to emerging destination such as Asia-pacific countries. Travel barriers have been broken and there is a flow of free trade. Tourism has become multiple activates focused with the integration of shopping and recreation, entertainment and education and culture and business center development. Tourism Industry is deeply affected by the social, technological, economic factors. All these factors have been given their due credit in the project. Economy being the bloodline of any country has been devoted a major chunk in the study of these factors followed by social and technological factors. Government policies provide a basic framework, which minds and controls every industry. Therefore, it has to be studied so that not a single factor remains untouched. For the development of any industry the basic infrastructure facilities are very important. Indian railway is the worlds largest network under a single management. The railway is one of the facilities required for tourism besides aviation, telecommunications and accommodation. Tour operators and travel agents perform the role of a liaison and a catalyst too in this industry without whom it is very difficult to operate. . As we know that tourism industry of India is growing at a very fast pace so in this we have project also deals with the current scenario and the challenges faced by the tourism industry of India. A few suggestions about development of tourism in India have been market in the project such as planning, organizational structure, business process reengineering, information systems, operations management, marketing strategy formulation, environmental impact assessment and project management. GROWTH AND EVOLUTION OF TOURISM INDUSTRY IN INDIA The fall of Roman Empire resulted into downfall of tourism, at least till the end of Middle East. The available facts reveal that Roman evinced interest in visiting temples, shrines, festivals and baths for health and amusement. The contours of Development underwent radical change at least till the 15th century. The trade and commerce along with religious activities gained the momentum but till the beginning of industrial revolution, tourism continued to remain the matter of pilgrimage. Of Course a number of developments took place between 15th and 18th centuries. Specially In the industrial world which raised the significance of specialization or expertise for excelling competition. This motivated the elite of the society to go abroad for enriching the knowledge, speeding up the learning cycle developing the excellence and making possible cross fertilization of thoughts and ideas. By the turn of 19th century, we find multifaceted development in transportation, communication and, tec hnological sophistication, which energized the process of industrial transformation. The tourism started developing as a business and the professional Travel agents started taking part in the process. With the beginning of the 20th century the process of invention and innovation stated gaining momentum which made ways for the development of infrastructural facilities and further added new dimensions in tourism business. No doubts, the World War I and World War II obstructed the flow of development but the second half of the 20th century proved to be golden age, since almost all the countries of the world started patronizing tourism as an important economic activity. Thomas cook was of the view that beauty is for the people. The opinion of Mr. Cook generated new dimension in the tourism business, which paved copious avenues for development of tourism as an industry. We cant deny that since the time immemorial travel has been first choice of masses , the qualitative improvement in the process could take place with the participation and co-operation of leading global organization , such as WORLD TOURIST ORGANISATION, PACIFIC AREA TRAVEL ASSOCIATION, INTERNATIONAL UNION OF OFFICIAL TRAVEL ORGANISATION or so With the development of a broader concept, the essence of Tourism further distilled and it was more holistic approach because in the general theory of tourism, Walter Hunziker and Kurt Kraph (1942) considered it both a human As well as economic activity. In 1974, Burkat and Medlik again brushed up this approach since they viewed tourism as a composite phenomenon embracing a whole range of different relationship between travelers and the host popu lation. The intensity foreign exchange requirement was found at its peak and the tourism appeared to all of them an important source to be tapped optimally. In the face of succulent benefit, the developed, less developed and even the Developing countries started assigning due weight age to the tourism industry in their national development agenda. We agree with this view that with tremendous Socio-economic potential, the tourism industry is considered to be an economic bonanza which paves avenues for the Development of a number of allied Industries, such as hotel, communication, banking transportation, trade and commerce or so. In addition, we also consider tourism a potential source for making possible world peace through mutual appreciation and international understanding. In the Indian perspective, we find Seventh Five Year Plan as watershed in the Development of tourism industry. For the first time, the vast potential of tourism as a foreign exchange earner and generator of employment opportunities was recognized. Several policy initiatives were taken to develop the tourism sector In the development of tourism, the public sector has made a significant contribution. Of late, the industry is equipped with a reasonable infrastructural base and is poised for a self-sustained growth. The future growth of tourism is required to be activated with the support of the private sector. The strategy for the development of tourism is required to be designed on the basis of low-cost economy, higher level productivity, efficiency in the use of infrastructure and sophisticated tourist facilities. The tourism industry bounced back from the global economic slowdown of last year with 2011 poised to show a positive growth number. As a matter of fact tourism is one of the largest industries globally, both in terms of size and employment ($5.4 trillion and 8.6 per cent of the global workforce.) Indian tourism industry contributes 6.4% of total GDP. This compares to 3.3% for automotives manufacturing, 4.5% for education and 3.7% for the mining industry. So INR 6.7 billion is contributing from tourism industry in India. PRODUCT PROFILE 1. Holiday as a Base Mass Market, Popular Market 2. Demand as base Primary, Secondary opportunity 3. Geography as a base Cities, Provinces, Regions, Countries 4. Psychography as a base Lifestyle, Personality Motive, Product, Knowledge. 5. Demography as a base Age, Sex, Occupation, Class, Religion. 6. Socio-economic of base Rich, Poor, Rural, Urban, Literate, Illiterate 7. Purpose as a base Business Travel, Cultural Tourism, Common Interest 8. Age as base Kids, Teens, Youths, Young, Married, Single. The holiday base focuses or attention on the fact that long-distance tours require availability of more leisure hours. The holiday market is classified in terms of demand. The different categories are, the mass market, the popular market and the individual holiday market. The mass market involves largest number of- vacationists who generally travel in long groups. They prefer all-inclusive tours. The users belong to the conservative group in which we find skilled and semi-skilled workers, blue-collar employees as the potential users. The users are generally class one and class two groups, pensioners and retired people. The individual holiday market involves social group-A7 like corporate chairman and senior executives. We find an apparent change in the behavioral profile of different categories in the holiday base. Another base is purpose in which we find business travel market, cultural tourism market, common interest tourism market and conference and convention. The demand base classifies markets into primary tourism market, secondary tourism and opportunity tourism. The geographic base includes lifestyle, personality, motives, product and knowledge. The demography base covers age, sex occupation, class and religion. The socioeconomic base makes classification like rich, poor, rural, urban, literate and illiterate. The age-base classifies markets for kids, teens, youths, young married and old people market. The aforesaid small segments simplify the task of tourist professionals. They know about the changing needs and requirements of different segments and innovate their strategic decisions accordingly. The development of marketing resources in tune with the changing levels of expectations make the ways for the stimulation of demand and simplify the task or marketers. It is in this context that we need to segment the market for the different allied industries helping the tourism industry in many ways. Designing a Package Tour In the process of formulating a sound product strategy, there are a number of factors to be given due attention. The designing of a package tour occupies a place of outstanding significance. For the profitable marketing of tourism services, it is pertinent that the different components of product are managed in a right fashion. This gravitates our attention on the offering of a package holiday product which necessitates management of the following factors. Destination The development of destination or tourist sites has a far-reaching impact on attracting the tourists. It is essential that destination or the tourist sites are easily accessible. This necessitates safe, fast and reliable transportation facilities hither and thither the tourist sites. To be more specific for promoting world tourism or attracting the foreign tourists, it is essential that the flying time is made proportionate. The site should be clean, the beaches should be sandy, sun-shine should be certain, the entertainment facilities at the site should be of quality the site should be safe to walk about, the local people should be friendly, the tour operator, the travel guides and others should have competence of speaking English and other regional languages. These facilities at the destination would add attractions. Management of Airport While managing the tourism product, the airports are required to be managed carefully. The airport should be local and convenient. The arrangement for car parking should be safe and adequate. It should not be congested but it should be spacious. In addition, the shopping facilities should be duty free. The airport should be clean and the vehicles should be available so that tourist doesnt face any trouble. Besides, the security arrangement should be tight to protect the passengers and their valuables. The aesthetic management occupies a place of significance in the very context. Airlines The flights should maintain the time schedule otherwise a dislocation may invite multifaceted problems, not only to the tourists but even to the airport authorities. The services should be reliable, good and polite. The sophisticated modern aircrafts of new generation should be included in the fleet to attract the tourists. The safety record should also be up to mark to remove the fear psychosis or psycho-fobia. Road and Rail Transportation For the tourists preferring to travel by buses of railways, it is significant that the stations are well managed. The booking and reservation counters should be managed scientifically. The enquiry should be controlled by efficient and well behaved staff. The safety arrangement should be adequate to counter the law and order signposts should be positioned at right places to help the travelling passengers. Hotels For managing the hotel services, it is essential that we are also careful to the hotel accommodation facilities. It is pertinent that hotels are easily accessible to the tourist sites or beaches or shops. The hotel personnel trustworthy and competent enough to speak English and other regional languages. They are supposed to be friendly. The management of facilities at hotels need due care. Though the standard of services, amenities and facilities depend upon the grade of hotels still it is essential that hotels offer the promised services to the users. The gap between the services-promised and service-offered should be bridge over. The hotels should be well maintained, the decor should be attractive; possibly a fair mix of eastern and western culture, the atmosphere should be calm and quiet; specially at the night time, public rooms should be adequate in number, the swimming pool should be neat and clean where inflow and outflow of water should be scientific to protect the danger of water contamination or pollution. There should be bar with good range of drinks. The bedrooms should be spacious in which balcony facilities should be made available. The childcare services should also be made available. Particularly at the beach resorts, the sea view should be possible with all rooms, in-room telephonic services should be available, in, and room-TV should be provided. There should be adequate cupboard space. The hangers should be attractive and artistic, toilets should be neat and clean and well equipped with east and west provisions. The lighting and ventilation arrangements should be adequate. The intensity of light at different points should be given due weightage. While managing hotels, the restaurants and cafeterias also need due care. The restaurants and cafeterias should be well managed. The food and drinks should have taste-orientation. The varieties of meals and drinks should be available. The seating arrangements should be comfortable, the meal should be flexible and the hotel personnel should be polite and friendly. Resort Representatives Regarding representatives of resort, they should be-knowledgeable friendly, accessible and competent. Miscellaneous In addition, the fellow travelers should be like-minded. The main thing is to make the tour pleasant and memorable. If the tourists have companionable fellow travelers, the journey would of course remain memorable. The aforesaid facts make it clear that being an amalgam of a number of industries and services, the tourism industry is known as a multi-segment industry in which the designing of a package which proves its instrumentality as a motivational force is found a bit difficult and challenging. It requires professional excellence so that we are in a position to assess the changing levels of expectations of the guests/tourists and all the required amenities and facilities are made available to help tourists to go to the destination, to enjoy and to come back safely. The tour operators and transport operators bear the responsibility of formulating a package tour and therefore they should have world class professional excellence to know and understand their changing needs and requirements. The services are related to a number of industries managed by others and therefore, the tour operators and transport operators managing the affairs should make it sure that whatever the promises they have made on behalf of hotels, airways, railways, roadways are not to be distorted. This is likely to project the image of tour operators and therefore a gap between the services-promised and services-offered would make the task difficult. It is against this background that designing of a package tour occupies a place of outstanding significance and all the allied industries making the package are required to be careful that they are not inviting degeneration. DEMAND DETERMINATION OF THE INDUSTRY You should know this fact that India is such a country which is rich in beautiful and amazing places. Some places are god created whereas some are manmade. But in spite of having unbeatable tourism potential, lesser number of tourists visit different destinations of India for which it is known. Though Government authorities are continuously paying attention towards the growth of the tourism industry but still it is lacking the attention of a good number of travelers. It is a fact that tourism industry is contributing a large amount to the total GDP of the country so governments want to attract a good number of tourists to India. But Indian tourism is lacking a good number of tourists. This may be due to various reasons. Some of the important reasons are: PRICE:- While time and price are self-explanatory, pricing is an art in itself and requires careful study as part of corporate policy. Price is the most powerful single variable in the marketing mix. But it does not operate in isolation. Value for money, albeit at different levels, is imperative. The product must be in demand or fashionable. It may be in short supply. Competition can be weak or strong, affecting achievable rates. The wide variety of airline and hotel rates for basically the same product at different times and conditions of sale reflect these characteristics. The market may be very price sensitive, as in the case of traffic from Northern European urban areas to Mediterranean beaches where there is a strong competition and a wide choice. There are also resorts and their establishments offering exclusive attractions, justifying a premium price. Price discounting and discrimination, and segmentation, in the market has always been a feature in travel services. The historic rule is to charge what the market will bear. The product is highly perishable and cannot be stored. It is necessary normally to appeal to a number of different segments. The railways invented first-, second- and third-class travel on scheduled services. When capacity exceeded demand, excursions and package tours were invented, the purpose being to sell to capacity and maximize the yield or return. Prices can be lowered segment by segment. But the marketing task is to ensure that cheap traffic does not drive out or invade the higher price and regular clientele. Airlines, for example, offer Saturday night stopover fares at half or less than full fare, on the assumption that full fare paying travelers, notably business travelers, will not stay over the weekend. In times of crisis or recession, special rates apply. In fact, recession has always been the mother of invention in tourism, giving rise to new initiatives that created new movement. Packages, cruises, specialist tours are all examples. Indeed many hotels have created events to attract business. Tactical plans must be highly flexible, short term and changing to meet the varying tides in demand, especially seasonal change. Economic and political perturbations usually unexpected, can alter trade suddenly and sometimes with great force. Currency devaluation, the Gulf War and the severe recession of 1991 in world markets are examples. The strategic plan with its long-term marketing implications needs consideration with the development plan. As marketing has a key role in product formulation the plan must select market segments. For example, it may give priority to quality and higher priced services, which will affect the investment in equipment to provide luxury items. It will be important to select segments that fit together. At a later stage in preparing the marketing plan, a detailed product/market match exercise will be necessary. The early resort promoters understood the selective approach very well. There were from their inception select resorts, usually quiet, small and patronized by the upper classes and higher spenders, and large, gregarious resorts which were popular centers for lower class visitors. THE SUPPLY DETERMINANTS:- There are supply determinants, ranging from absolutes such as under- or overcapacity to infrastructure weakness, e.g. transport bottlenecks and health and security dangers or political instability. Such factors can seriously limit or even destroy for a time a tourist destinations reception capacity. The marketing plan will take such factors into account. SEGMENTATION AND MOTIVATION:- Two key aspects of the third demand determinant consumer preference need careful study. Indeed the success of the whole marketing operation depends on this. They are segmentation and motivation. Tourisms mass expansion takes many different forms. It is a heterogeneous not a homogeneous movement, made up of many different types of traveler, seeking a wide range of tourism products. Thus the mass movement divides up into a number of segments, each differing from the others and needing a separate approach in sales, servicing and product provision. There are many possible divisions and subdivisions which can be made usefully in planning, but essentially the segmentation task is to identify specific groups in the travelling population interested in the same type of facility and service. The group identified must be large enough to warrant separate marketing or production attention, to make a specialist approach profitable. It must also be possible and practical to reach this section of the population in an effective way. This means that the group should not be too dispersed, and that there should be efficient media and distribution channels enabling the producer to reach the customer at a reasonable marketing cost. There are a number of criteria and categories in segmenting the total market. POOR ARRANGEMENTS OF TRANSPORTATION FOR THE TOURISTS:-   Even after making lots of effort in improving qualities of the comforts for the tourists, it is said that the transportation system still requires to be improved. Tourists from outside India want to enjoy their tour with comforts in all respect and they are ready to pay for all these facilities. So it is essential to offer the best transport facilities for the tourists in order to attract more and more tourists. NON-STANDARDIZATION OF FARES AND RATES:-   There are not any standard fares and rates for the transportation. Due to this tourists face lots of problem. Most of the travel agencies want to earn more and more especially from the tourists outside India. This ultimately gives a bad impression of India on outsider. IMPROPER MAINTENANCE OF HERITAGES:-   With the advancement of tourism industry in India, numbers of  heritages  and resorts are built at different destinations in order to avoid inconvenience to the tourists. But most of the heritages are not maintained properly and these things are disliked by the tourists especially from outside India. LACK OF SECURITY AND CHANCES OF HARASSMENT:-   If we talk about the security of the tourists, it is little bit weak. We cant say with full confidence that the tourists who tour to India are secured completely. LACK OF TRAINED AND PASSIONATE PROFESSIONALS:-   Due to lack of trained and passionate professionals, tourists dont enjoy and get satisfied fully. LACK OF PROMOTIONAL STRATEGIES:-   Indian tourism must adopt a good number of promotional strategies which will help in attracting a large number of tourists. ABSENCE OF HYGIENIC AMENITIES IN THE RESORTS AND HOTELS:-   Though there are numbers of  hotels and resorts  but most of them lack in hygiene especially in the basic amenities which they offered to the tourists. PLAYERS IN THE INDUSTRY TOURISM COMPANIES MARKET SHARES Prime Travels Thomas Cook India SOTC tours Cox Kings Club Mahindra Holidays Kuoni Travel Group, India Galileo International Goodwind Travels Pvt. Ltd Airtravel Enterprise India Compass Tours India KEY ISSUES AND CURRENT TRENDS Tourism as one of the important foreign exchange earning industries has manifested great potential of growth under liberalized Indian economy. To attract the foreign tourists in India, liberal policies and reduction in taxes along with a comprehensive package for attracting tourist and foreign investment are the need of  the hour. There is also a need to increase the governments role in promoting India as a brand. Just like exports and other sectors, tourism will grow only if the India brand is established in the global market. Hence, we must have an open mind on alliances with other countries, which might help in adopting better promotion strategies, marketing, services and packaging. Only overall growth can help in improving revenue generation, which needs to grow in line with the additional capacity being setup by the hospitality industry. Present Position of Tourism Industry in India:- It may be mentioned here that the Government of India had no Tourism Policy for more than forty years since the initiation of planning in the country in1951. Consequently, no efforts were made to lay down any sort of infrastructure for the promotion and development of tourism industry in the country. As a matter of  fact, the country, after independence, had to pay serious attention towards increasing food production and laying down infrastructure for industrial development. On both the fronts, the country made tremendous progress and became leader of the developing nations. In order to achieve targets of faster economic growth, a number of Public Sector Enterprises were set up including India Tourism Development Corporation. However, no worthwhile progress was made in developing tourism in accordance with tourism potential of the country. It was only in 1992 that a tourism policy was laid down by the Government of India. As far as total revenue to the Government of India is concerned, tourism is the third largest source of foreign exchange earnings to the country after garments, gems and jewelry. India has tremendous potential to earn more foreign exchange because it has a huge and diverse potential for tourism ranging from pilgrimage tourism, beach tourism, eco-tourism, spiritual and health tourism to leisure and adventure tourism. The amazing diversity offers tourists everything they want to enjoy from a holiday but still we could not capitalize on the huge variety of  amusements offered by our country. In order to attract the influx of tourists in the years to come, the Government of India has allocated US $590 million for the tourism sector for the period of 2002-07. While the global tourism market has shown negative growth, tourist arrivals in India have improved a little in the recent past. This is a positive indication but much more can be done to promote inbound tourism in India. In brief i n India, the tourists feel insecure and irritated on account of  unwanted paper work, time consuming compliance of various rules and regulations, customs and immigration formalities, currency convertibility, beggars, tipping, bargaining, environmental pollution, transport problem, high rates and taxes etc. Beggars are such a nuisance that they are visible almost at all tourist spots, hotels, shopping centers, markets, monuments, places of worship, railway stations and bus stands. They constantly follow the visitors and there have been occasions that the tourists are so much irritated that they cut short their visits, shopping and spending. The tourists, thus, ignore India to avoid hassles and prefer other destinations where the specter of poverty and its manifestation like begging do not spoil their holiday spirit. Thus, Indias third largest foreign exchange earning industry is beset with a large number of problems. These problems have been examined in greater details in the pages that follow. RECENT CHALLENGES OF TOURISM INDUSTRY IN INDIA:- During the last few years tourists have witnessed good amount of violence and killing almost in every country including India. Kashmir, historically known as Heaven on the Earth, appears to be deserted on account of terrorism and violence. A large number of tourists, who used to visit and stay for a longer period in the Kashmir valley, do not tour the State of Jammu Kashmir for fear of violence and aggression. The business travelers also schedule their business trips only when it is absolutely essential. In fact, terrorism and violence have become the first and the foremost problem for tourists everywhere and India is no exception. The problem has assumed such alarming proportions that the world community must find its last in solution. The injustices done to the people in various parts of the world have result in great damage to tourism industry all over the world Tourists, especially of the developed countries; have been avoiding such destinations where there is any chance of viol ent activities against them. The problem has become so acute that the Governments in UK and the USA, in the recent past, had to issue travel advisories to their tourists. Though these travel advisories were, later on, withdrawn but the damage had already been done. India is not a preferred destination now for most of  the Western tourists who spend, from our standards, a lot of money on tourism. Tourists are also irritated on account of unwanted paper work, time was the compliance of rules and regulations in India. In addition to customs and immigration formalities, language barriers are also the major problems faced by the foreign visitors. The difficulties of entry and exit too spoil half of the holiday charm. Again, our poor infrastructure, shortage of packaged tours, lack of  connectivity between places, lack of transportation, our failure to create mass awareness throughout the world, polluted environment, discriminating economic and social behavior, inadequate and inexperi enced staff, uneasy current convertibility and lack of multi-linguistic guides come in their way of pleasant tour and make the foreign tourists reluctant to come to India. PEST Analysis The Indian tourism industry has seen rapid growth in the last few years. Before any kind of analysis is undertaken, it is important to find out what are the main environmental influences that have lead to this growth and how the extent to which the changes are occurring. This is important because the change in these factors can have significant effect on the way the industry performs. These environmental influences can be analyzed by using the PEST Analysis. The PEST Analysis within its parameters indicates the importance of the political, environmental, social and the technological changes on the industry. a) Political / Legal Political The political factors are the main force of the industry. The Indian tourism industry is built on the ba

Yes to Guns! No to Gun Control!

Yes to guns! No to gun control! Banning Guns Cannot Prevent School Shootings! Imagine yourself at the scene of the Virginia Tech shooting. You hide under the desk that you were sitting at peacefully just moments ago. Gun shots ring though the air as you sit curled up on the cold floor, wondering who the next victim of the evil rampage will be. Don’t you wish you could have had a gun in this moment? Don’t you wish you had a way to defend yourself against the murderer? Because we cannot go back in time, we cannot know how differently the Virginia Tech shooting could have turned out if one of the victims had possessed a gun.We can, however, analyze this and other school shootings to see how they could have been different. Thirty-one states currently have laws allowing concealed handguns for adults with no criminal record or history of mental disorders. The cause of concealed-carry has grown over the past decade or two. More and more people are realizing how much of a posit ive difference allowing guns can really make. Banning guns on campuses doesn’t protect students. Rather, the policy only endangers those who are ethical enough to follow the law.Outlaws are the only ones who will have guns if guns are outlawed. This means that criminals will have guns, and law-abiding civilians will not. Students and teachers should be allowed to carry concealed handguns on college campuses. In 1997 in Pearl Mississippi, a shooter was stopped by an assistant principal who had retrieved a gun from his car. Because he was not allowed to bring his gun into the school, the assistant principal could not stop the shooting earlier. If he would have been allowed to bring his gun into the school, the lives of the shot students could have been saved.In Edinboro, Pennsylvania, in 1998, a passerby stopped a shooter who was reloading his gun by pointing a shotgun at him until the police arrived. If it were not for this civilian, the shooter would have been able to finish reloading his gun and continue his massacre. If a person bearing a gun had not been on the scene at either one of these shootings, much more damage could have been done by the shooters. Sharp-minded civilians with guns, however, were present at both of those school shootings. Without anyone even firing a shot, both of these tragedies were prevented from becoming worse.For a more recent example, consider the Virginia Tech shooting. Obviously, there was no student or teacher with a gun at the scene of the shooting. As I stated before, we cannot know if the tragedy could have turned out differently if someone would have shot the shooter. We can logically see how the tragedy could have been prevented by a student with a gun, though. Imagine if a student or teacher would have pulled a gun on and shot the Seung-Hui Cho before he began shooting people in the classroom. Dozens of lives could have been saved by that quickly-thought action.There is no possibility that someone with a concealed gun would have been on the scene, however, because concealed weapons are not allowed on the Virginia Tech campus. Almost any mass shooting could be prevented by a quick-thinking civilian with a concealed gun. Because one of the criteria for owning a concealed-carry permit is that the owner must be somewhat proficient at shooting, there is a good chance that a murderous gunner could be stopped by one bullet. Banning concealed handguns really doesn’t protect anyone.If a person is intent on killing someone, or is intent on killing a mass of people, he will do it. Someone who is willing to go against the law and kill someone, or kill a number of people, will not mind going against the law about carrying a gun on a campus. And even if a murderer does not bring a gun onto campus, there are many other ways to kill someone, such as a knife, baseball bat, or even bare hands. Guns themselves really aren’t the problem, in fact, â€Å"Guns aren’t bad things or good things . They’re things, inanimate objects, and chunks of metal with no will of their own. So if people bent on murdering will murder, people who will be the victims of the murderer should have some way to defend themselves. The best way for a person to defend themselves against an attacker is a gun, simply because it is so deadly. In a study that analyzed the relationship between concealed handgun laws and crime rates between 1977 and 1995, the effect of those laws was clearly seen. In those 19 years, states that passed laws allowing concealed-carry guns saw an 84% decline in multiple-victim shootings.In addition, after concealed-carry laws had been established for 5 years, murders decreased by at least 15%. Some people say that we cannot trust civilians with concealed handguns in mass-shooting situations because they might shoot an innocent bystander instead of the murderer. As I stated before, however, one of the criteria for obtaining a concealed-carry permit is that the owner m ust be somewhat proficient at shooting. There is a small chance that someone with a concealed handgun would shoot the wrong person in a space the size of a classroom. Others contend that small arguments could turn into shooting battles.I can see why some of my opponents would think this, but people are just as likely to shoot each other over small arguments as they are to strangle each other or stab each other. One of the requirements for a concealed-carry permit owner is, as I stated earlier, that he or she is mentally sound. People who are right in their minds will not attempt to kill someone with whom they have a minor disagreement. And if a person is bent on killing another, they will find a way to do it. According to Craig Medred, editor of the â€Å"Outdoors† magazine, â€Å"The problem isn’t the weapon of choice, it’s the anger.It doesn’t make any difference whether a killer has a gun, a knife, or a crowbar. Guns are used defensively 2. 5 million times every year. There has been many times over the past decades that multiple-victim shootings are prevented by civilians with concealed guns. Because there are people who are bent on killing others, the victims should have an effective method of defending themselves. Namely, they should be able to defend themselves with a gun. Banning guns doesn’t actually protect anybody, so people should be allowed to carry a concealed gun if they wish. Many lives could be saved if concealed handguns were allowed on college campuses.